Digital Culture & AudioVisual Challenges

This paper reviews the developments in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in indoor and outdoor cycling and other sports, including football, tennis, athletics, board and virtual games, basketball, and cricket. The rationale for the review was the need to know the extent, nature, and implication of using Ml/AI in cycling and other sports because the technology has been proven to be highly beneficial in most industries. The paper used ten peer-reviewed academic journals and three British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) articles to obtain and review information about the use of ML/AI in cycling and other sports. The paper also obtains critical information about technology use in the sports industry technology in sports, including advantages, disadvantages, and ethical issues. The major beneficiaries of the technologies are identified, and the benefits they get are identified and discussed. The part finds that ML/AI in sports improves training, lowers the risk of injury during training and play, minimizes refereeing errors, highlights player strengths and weaknesses, minimizes malpractices and increases the chances of fair play when used correctly. Most games have not yet fully adopted the technology because it is in the development stages, and assessment has not been done to allow full application. This study will provide critical information for teams, players, regulatory organizations, coaches and other stakeholders that want to use or are using ML/AI in training and monitoring play. It will also be important for people who want to predict game outcomes, including fans, players, and coaches.